Linux hostname
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Debian based
In CentOS/Ubuntu and other distros you can control hostname using:
$ hostnamectl set-hostname <new hostname> #in CentOS 7 changes /etc/hostname file that stores centrally the system's hostname
RPM based
In Redhat (RPM) based distros change the hostname permanently by editing:
$ vi /etc/sysconfig/network NETWORKING=yes HOSTNAME=newHostName # requires a reboot for eg. Amazon Linux
Amazon Linux AMI
sudo vi /etc/sysconfig/network HOSTNAME=webserver.mydomain.com # reboot
Amazon Linux 2
Change the system hostname to a public DNS name
sudo hostnamectl set-hostname webserver.mydomain.com # reboot
Other
In other distros it should be enough to change:
$ vi /etc/hosts 127.0.0.1 ''newHostName'' 127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain ::1 localhost localhost.localdomain
Ubuntu >14.04
$ vi /etc/hosts 127.0.0.1 localhost 127.0.1.1 ''newHostName'' ''newHostName''.home
Temp hostname
Temporarily changing hostname can be achieved by the command below then logout and login again to see the effect in bash.
$ hostname newHostName
Restart networking
If you changed /etc/hosts or /etc/sysconfig/network file you want to restart networking to ensure that changes will be persistent on reboot:
$ /etc/init.d/network restart # Redhat based $ sudo service networking restart # Debian/Ubuntu distros