Azure/az-cli

Azure tools

• az - Azure CLI
• Powershell AZModule eg. to copy files - requires PS 5.1+
• blob storage .msi
• Powershell DSC Desired State Configuration system
• VMagent custom script extension - runs on Azure VMs, allows to run one-off scripts

az - Azure CLI

Install Az cli

# Linux
curl -L https://aka.ms/InstallAzureCli | bash

#Windows - download and install msi
PS C:> wget https://aka.ms/installazurecliwindows
PS C:> wget https://azurecliprod.blob.core.windows.net/msi/azure-cli-2.0.63.msi

Login and basic commands

PS C:> az login
PS C:> az account show --output table
EnvironmentName    IsDefault    Name                         State    TenantId
-----------------  -----------  ---------------------------  -------  ------------------------------------
AzureCloud         True         Microsoft Azure Sponsorship  Enabled  aaaaaaaa-bbbb-4a1a-9b26-bac3cb7dcccc

VMagent custom script extension

Windows

$fileUri = @("https://xxxxxxx.blob.core.windows.net/buildServer1/1_Add_Tools.ps1",
"https://xxxxxxx.blob.core.windows.net/buildServer1/2_Add_Features.ps1",
"https://xxxxxxx.blob.core.windows.net/buildServer1/3_CompleteInstall.ps1")

$Settings = @{"fileUris" = $fileUri};

$storageaccname = "xxxxxxx"
$storagekey = "1234ABCD"
$ProtectedSettings = @{"storageAccountName" = $storageaccname; "storageAccountKey" = $storagekey; "commandToExecute" = "powershell -ExecutionPolicy Unrestricted -File 1_Add_Tools.ps1"};

#run command
Set-AzureRmVMExtension -ResourceGroupName myRG `
    -Location myLocation ` 
    -VMName myVM ` 
    -Name "buildserver1" ` 
    -Publisher "Microsoft.Compute" ` 
    -ExtensionType "CustomScriptExtension" ` 
    -TypeHandlerVersion "1.9" ` 
    -Settings $Settings ` 
    -ProtectedSettings $ProtectedSettings

Linux

az vm extension set \
  --resource-group myResourceGroup \
  --vm-name myVM --name customScript \
  --publisher Microsoft.Azure.Extensions \
  --settings ./script-config.json

Resources

• Custom Script for Windows

Access and login methods

Azure Service Principal

You can give an application access to Azure Stack resources by creating a service principal that uses Azure Resource Manager. A service principal lets you delegate specific permissions using role-based access control. Steps

1. Register an app with Azure AD
2. Create identity for the app, this identity is called Service Principle (SP)
3. Alternatively you can use Managed Service Identity (MSI)

Eg. If AKS needs to pull an image from ACR it needs permissions to do so. The Service Principal controls the access.

Az PowerShell module

Note az replaced AzureRM that is backwards compatible but both shouldn't be installed at the same time. Official installation guide might come here very handy. Otherwise follow quick steps:

Install Az module and login to Azure cloud <syntaxhighlightjs lang="PowerShell">

1. Verify

C:\> $PSVersionTable.PSVersion #check required version PowerShell 5.x or 6.x C:\> Get-InstalledModule -Name Az -AllVersions | select Name,Version Name Version

---

-------

Az 4.4.0

1. Install and import

C:\> Install-Module -Name Az -AllowClobber # admin rights required C:\> Import-Module Az # Import the module into the PowerShell session C:\> Get-Command *az* # List all available PShell commands

1. Login

C:\> Connect-AzAccount # Connect to Azure with a browser sign in token WARNING: To sign in, use a web browser to open the page https://microsoft.com/devicelogin and enter the code DAAAAAAAA to authenticate.

Account  : john@example.com SubscriptionName : Microsoft Azure Sponsorship SubscriptionId  : aaaaaaaa-bbbb-cccc-dddd-eeeeeeeeeeee TenantId  : bbbbbbbb-cccc-dddd-eeee-ffffffffffff Environment  : AzureCloud

1. Update module

C:\> Update-Module -Name Az </syntaxhighlightjs>

az cli - usage

List of Vnets

$ az network vnet list -o table
# List of VNETs within resource group
$ az network vnet list --resource-group infra_rg -o tsv | cut -f9

List of all subnets

#!/bin/bash
for ResourceGroup in $(az group list -o tsv | cut -f4); do
    for VNET in $(az network vnet list --resource-group $ResourceGroup -o tsv | cut -f9); do
        echo "### ResourceGroup: $ResourceGroup VNET: $VNET"
        az network vnet subnet list --resource-group $ResourceGroup --vnet-name $VNET -o tsv | cut -f1,9,13 | column -t
    done
done

List of SQL servers

# List of Ms.SQL servers
az sql server list --resource-group infra-euw1 -o tsv | cut -f1,6-10,12-13

# List all database servers
for AzureResourceGroup in $(az group list -o tsv | cut -f4); do
        echo "### $VNET ResourceGroup: $AzureResourceGroup"
        az sql server list --resource-group $AzureResourceGroup -o tsv | cut -f1,6-10,12-13
done  

#List all databases
for AzureResourceGroup in $(az group list -o tsv | cut -f4); do
    for DbServer in $(az sql server list --resource-group $AzureResourceGroup -o tsv | cut -f1,6-10,12-13); do
        echo "### Dbserver: $DbServer, ResourceGroup: $AzureResourceGroup"
        az sql db list --resource-group $AzureResourceGroup --server $DbServer
    done
done 

az resource list -o table --query "[?type=='Microsoft.DBforMySQL/servers'].{name:name, group:resourceGroup}"
az resource list -o table | grep 'Microsoft.DBforMySQL/servers' 
az resource list -o table | grep -i 'sql' | sort -k4

List of Virtual Gateways

# List all vpn virtual gateways
for AzureResourceGroup in $(az group list -o tsv | cut -f4); do
        echo "### $VNET ResourceGroup: $AzureResourceGroup"
        az network vnet-gateway list -g $AzureResourceGroup -o table |  grep -ve '---'
done

List scale sets

### VMScaleSets
# List VMSS
az vmss list --resource-group client1 -o table
Name                     ResourceGroup    Location    Zones    Capacity    Overprovision    UpgradePolicy
-----------------------  ---------------  ----------  -------  ----------  ---------------  ---------------
client1_external_vmss    client1          westeurope  1 2 3    2           True             Manual
client1_internal_vmss    client1          westeurope  1 2 3    1           True             Manual
client1_worker_vmss      client1          westeurope  1 2 3    1           True             Manual

# List VMSS instances
az vmss list-instances --resource-group client1 --name client1_external_vmss -o table
az vmss nic list -g client1 --vmss-name client1_external_vmss --query [].{ip:ipConfigurations[0].privateIpAddress} -o tsv

# Get VMs ip addresses in VMSS sets
$ cat > list-all-vmss-ips.sh <<'EOF'
#!/bin/bash
for AzureResourceGroup in $(az group list -o tsv | cut -f4)
do
    for vmss in $(az vmss list --resource-group $AzureResourceGroup -o tsv | cut -f4)
    do
        echo "### $VNET ResourceGroup: $AzureResourceGroup ScaleSet: $vmss"
        az vmss nic list -g $AzureResourceGroup --vmss-name $vmss --query [].{ip:ipConfigurations[0].privateIpAddress} -o tsv
    done
done
EOF

Resources

• Install Azure Cloud Bash shell